Eppure c'è una fatalità anche in questi avvenimenti, e se i bolscevichi rinnegano alcune affermazioni del Capitale, non ne rinnegano il pensiero immanente vivificatore. Essi non sono "marxisti", ecco tutto; non hanno compilato sulle opere del Maestro una dottrina esteriore di affermazioni dogmatiche e indiscutibili. Vivono il pensiero marxista, quello che non muore mai, che è la continuazione del pensiero idealistico italiano e tedesco, e che in Marx si era contaminato di incrostazioni positivistiche e naturalistiche. E questo pensiero pone sempre come massimo fattore di storia non i fatti economici, bruti, ma l'uomo, ma la società degli uomini, degli uomini che si accostano fra di loro, si intendono fra loro, sviluppano attraverso questi contatti (civiltà) una volontà sociale, collettiva, e comprendono i fatti economici e li giudicano e li adeguano alla loro volontà, finché questa diventa la motrice dell'economia, la plasmatrice della realtà oggettiva, che vive, e si muove, e acquista carattere di materia tellurica in ebollizione, che può essere incanalata dove alla volontà piace.
Gramsci
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The Bolshevik revolution is based more on ideology than actual events (therefore, at the end of the day, we really don’t need to know any more than we know already). It’s a revolution against Karl Marx’s Capital. In Russia, Marx’s Capital was the book of the bourgeoisie, more than of the proletariat. It was the crucial proof needed to show that, in Russia, there had to be a bourgeoisie, there had to be a capitalist era, there had to be a Western-style of progression, before the proletariat could even think about making a comeback, about their class demands, about revolution. Events overcame ideology. Events have blown out of the water all critical notions which stated Russia would have to develop according to the laws of historical materialism.
The Bolsheviks renounce Karl Marx and they assert, through their clear statement of action, through what they have achieved, that the laws of historical materialism are not as set in stone, as one may think, or one may have thought previously. Yet, there is still a certain amount of inevitability to these events, and if the Bolsheviks reject some of that which is affirmed in Capital, they do not reject its inherent, invigorating idea. They are not ‘Marxists’, that’s what it comes down to: they have not used the Master’s works to draw up a superficial interpretation, dictatorial statements which cannot be disputed. They live out Marxist thought, the one which will never die; the continuation of idealist Italian and German thought, and that in Marx had been corrupted by the emptiness of positivism and naturalism. In this kind of thinking the main determinant of history is not lifeless economics, but man; societies made up of men, men who have something in common, who get along together, and because of this (civility) they develop a collective social will. They understand economic matters, they evaluate them and adjust them according to their will, until it is this which becomes the driving force of the economy, that which shapes objective reality and lives and moves; it takes on the characteristics of a scolding hot sheet of metal, which can be sculpted in any way they so choose.
Gramsci
¡Caciques al GULAG!
Proletarier aller Länder vereinigt euch!
¡Reciprocidad! ¡Repatriación! ¡Revolución!
